Charleston, SC Historic Sites & Landmarks. A plantation relic once owned by a Founding Father is a National Park Service site. Enjoy the grounds, historic cottage, exhibits, film, museum shop, and programs. Free entry. Website. ![]() Charleston, South Carolina - Wikipedia. Charleston, South Carolina. City. City of Charleston. Nickname(s): . Charleston had an estimated population of 1. Its initial location at Albemarle Point on the west bank of the Ashley River (now Charles Towne Landing) was abandoned in 1. North America within 1. Despite its size, it remained unincorporated throughout the colonial period; its government was handled directly by a colonial legislature and a governor sent by London. Election districts were organized according to Anglican parishes, and some social services were managed by Anglican wardens and vestries. Charleston adopted its present spelling with its incorporation as a city in 1. Revolutionary War. Population growth in the interior of South Carolina influenced the removal of the state government to Columbia in 1. United States through the 1.
The city limits also have expanded across the Cooper River, encompassing Daniel Island and the Cainhoy area. The present city has a total area of 1. North Charleston blocks any expansion up the peninsula, and Mount Pleasant occupies the land directly east of the Cooper River. Charleston Harbor runs about 7 miles (1. Atlantic with an average width of about 2 miles (3. Sullivan's Island lies to the north of the entrance and Morris Island to the south. The entrance itself is about 1 mile (2 km) wide; it was originally only 1. The tidal rivers (Wando, Cooper, Stono, and Ashley) are evidence of a submergent or drowned coastline. There is a submerged river delta off the mouth of the harbor and the Cooper River is deep. Climate. Summer is the wettest season; almost half of the annual rainfall occurs from June to September in the form of thundershowers. Fall remains relatively warm through November. This house is part of Historic Brattonsville - a 775-acre Revolutionary War battlefield site with over 30 historic structures dating from the 18th and 19th cent. According to our research of South Carolina and other state lists there were 41 registered sex offenders living in Charleston, South Carolina as of July 03, 2017. Winter is short and mild, and is characterized by occasional rain. Measurable snow (. At the airport, where official records are kept, the historical range is 1. The dewpoint in June to August ranges from 6. As of the 2. 01. 3 U. S. Census, the metropolitan statistical area had a total population of 7. North Charleston is the second- largest city in the Charleston–North Charleston–Summerville Metropolitan Statistical Area and ranks as the third- largest city in the state; Mount Pleasant and Summerville are the next- largest cities. These cities combined with other incorporated and unincorporated areas along with the city of Charleston form the Charleston- North Charleston Urban Area with a population of 5. When the city of Charleston was formed, it was defined by the limits of the Parish of St. Philip and St. Michael, now also includes parts of St. James' Parish, St. George's Parish, St. Andrew's Parish, and St. John's Parish, although the last two are mostly still incorporated rural parishes. History. It took seven years before the group arranged for settlement expeditions. In 1. 67. 0, Governor. William Sayle brought over several shiploads of settlers from Bermuda, which lies due east of Charleston although closer to Cape Hatteras in North Carolina. These settlers established Charles Town at Albemarle Point on the west bank of the Ashley River a few miles northwest of the present- day city center. Charles Town became English- speaking America's first comprehensively planned town with governance, settlement, and development were to follow a visionary plan known as the Grand Model prepared for the Lords Proprietors by John Locke. The settlers declared war on them in October 1. The Charlestonians initially allied with the Westo, a slaving northern tribe that had grown powerful trading for guns with the colonists in Virginia. The Westo had made enemies of nearly every other tribe in the region, however, and the English turned on them in 1. Destroying them by 1. Cusabo and other tribes to trade, recapture runaway slaves, and engage in slaving raids of Spanish- allied areas. The new town was the 5th- largest in North America by 1. On December 7, 1. Lords Proprietors decided to separate the Province of North Carolina from Charles Town's government, although they continued to own and control both regions. A smallpox outbreak hit in 1. February 1. 69. 9 whose ensuing fire destroyed about a third of the town. During rebuilding. Charles Town saw between 5 and 8 major yellow fever outbreaks over the first half of the 1. It developed a deserved reputation as one of the least healthy locations in British North America for whites, although mistaken observations over the period led some doctors to think that blacks had a natural immunity to the disease. In fact, both black and white locals appear to have developed a general immunity to the disease by 1. The early settlement was often subject to attack from sea and land. Both Spain and France contested England's claims to the region. Native Americans and pirates both raided it, though the Yamasee War of the 1. Charles Town was besieged by the pirate . Blackbeard released his hostages and left in exchange for a chest of medicine from Governor Robert Johnson. Charlestown was a center for inland colonization of South Carolina, but remained the southernmost point of English settlement on the American mainland until the Province of Georgia was established in 1. The first settlers primarily came from England and its colonies on Barbados and Bermuda. Protestant French, Scottish, Irish, and Germans immigrated, as did hundreds of Jews, predominately Sephardi. They had been brought to Charlestown on the Middle Passage, first as . Of the estimated 4. Africans transported to North America for sale as slaves, 4. Sullivan's Island off Charlestown, a . With no official monument marking this role, the writer Toni Morrison organized a privately funded commemorative bench. Records show an average annual export of 5. During the height of the trade from 1. Charlestown, representing between 0. At the same time, the Indians were used to enslave one another. From 1. 68. 0 to 1. West Indies but also to Boston and other cities in British North America. The profitability of growing rice led the planters to pay premiums for slaves from the . Within three years, British subsidies and high demand had already made it a leading export. The white community had recently been decimated by a malaria outbreak and the rebels killed over forty whites before being stopped by the colonial militia. The planters attributed the violence to recently imported Africans and agreed to a 1. Charlestown, relying on the communities they already possessed. The 1. 74. 0 Negro Act also tightened controls, requiring one white for every ten blacks on any plantation and banning slaves from assembling together, growing their own food, earning money, or learning to read. Drums were banned owing to Africans' use of them for signaling, although slaves continued to be permitted string and other instruments. When the moratorium expired and Charlestown reopened to the slave trade in 1. Stono Rebellion meant that slaves from the Congo and Angola were avoided. By the mid- 1. 8th century, Charlestown was the hub of the Atlantic trade of England's southern colonies. Even with the decade- long moratorium, its customs processed around 4. African slaves brought to North America between 1. Its 1. 1,0. 00 inhabitants—half slaves—made it the 4th- largest port after Boston, New York, and Philadelphia in 1. The money also paid for cultural and social development. Charlestown saw America's first theater building in 1. Dock Street Theater. Benevolent societies were formed by the Huguenots, free people of color. The Library Society was established in 1. This group also helped establish the town's college in 1. Until its transition to state ownership in 1. United States. American Revolution (1. As part of the Southern theater of the American Revolution, the British attacked the town in force three times, generally assuming that the settlement had a large base of Loyalists who would rally to their cause once given some military support. Moultrie's militia regiment on June 2. British Royal Navy's first defeat in a century. Clinton, who began his siege of Charleston on April 1, 1. The rebels, led by Gen. Lincoln, had about 5,5. After the British cut his supply lines and lines of retreat at the battles of Monck's Corner and Lenud's Ferry, Lincoln's surrender on May 1. American defeat of the war. General Nathanael Greene had entered the state after Cornwallis's pyrrhic victory at Guilford Courthouse and kept the area under a kind of siege. General Alexander Leslie, commanding Charlestown, requested a truce in March 1. Greene refused and formed a brigade under Mordecai Gist to oppose British forays. One such foray in August led to a British victory at the Combahee River, but Charlestown was finally evacuated in December 1. Greene presented the leaders of the town with the Moultrie Flag. From the summer of 1. French planters fleeing the Haitian Revolution began arriving in the port with their slaves. Over the 1. 9th century, the health officials and newspapers of the town came under repeated criticism from Northerners, fellow Southerners, and one another for covering up epidemics as long as possible in order to keep up the city's maritime traffic. Engine House and Old Slave Mart Museum built 1. Chalmers St., respectively. The spelling Charleston was adopted in 1. The development made short- staple cotton profitable and opened the upland Piedmont region to slave- based cotton plantations, previously restricted to the sea islands and Lowcountry. Britain's Industrial Revolution—initially built upon its textile industry—took up the extra production ravenously and it was swiftly Charleston's major export commodity. The Bank of South Carolina, the second- oldest building in the nation to be constructed as a bank, was established in 1. Branches of the First and Second Bank of the United States were also located in Charleston in 1. Throughout the Antebellum Period, Charleston continued to be the only major American city with a majority slave population. The 1. 9th century saw the city's first dedicated slave markets, mostly near Chalmers & State Streets.
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